The Qur’an on Mountain

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A book entitled Earth is a basic reference textbook in many
universities around the world. One of its two authors is Professor
Emeritus Frank Press. He was the Science Advisor to former
US President Jimmy Carter, and for 12 years was the President of
the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC. His book
says that mountains have underlying roots. These roots are
deeply embedded in the ground, thus, mountains have a shape
like peg

Figure 7: Mountains have deep roots under the surface of the ground. (Earth, Press and Siever, p. 413

Figure 8: Schematic section. The mountains, like pegs, have deep roots
embedded in the ground. (Anatomy of the Earth, Cailleux, p. 220.) .

Figure 9: Another illustration shows how the mountains are peg-like in
shape, due to their deep roots. (Earth Science, Tarbuck and Lutgens, p.
158.) .

This is how the qur’an has described mountains. God has said
in the Qur’an:
Have We not made the earth as a bed, and
the mountains as pegs? (Qur’an, 78:6-7)

Modern earth sciences have proven that mountains have deep roots under
the surface of the ground (see figure 9) and that these roots can reach
several times their elevations above the surface of the ground. So the
most suitable word to describe mountains on the basis of this
information is the word ‘peg,’ since most of a properly set peg is
hidden under the surface of the ground. The history of science tells us
that the theory of mountains having deep roots was introduced only in
the latter half of the nineteenth century.
Mountains also play an important role in stabilizing the crust of the
earth. They hinder the shaking of the earth. God has said in the Quran:
And He has set firm mountains in the earth so that it would not shake with you...
(Quran, 16:15)
Likewise, the modern theory of plate tectonics holds that mountains
work as stabilizers for the earth. This knowledge about the role of
mountains as stabilizers for the earth has just begun to be understood
in the framework of plate tectonics since the late 1960’s.5
Could anyone during the time of the Prophet Muhammad have known of the true shape of mountains?

Could anyone imagine that the solid massive mountain
which he sees before him actually extends deep into the earth and has a
root, as scientists assert? A large number of books of geology, when
discussing mountains, only describe that part which is above the
surface of the earth. This is because these books were not written by
specialists in geology. However, modern geology has confirmed the truth
of the Quranic verses